1910 - 1919

 Under Construction 

The Warren Cup

1910​        The Intersexes by Xavier Mayne (Edward I. Stevenson) published.  He lists a wayward 

                                selection of authors who displayed ‘uranian’ tendencies.  Included is the case of 

                                Countess V—see 1901.

            Berühmte Homosexuelle (Famous Homosexuals) by Albert Moll.  

            Transvestites by Magnus Hirschfield.  

            Pelléastres by Jean Lorrain – describes racy lifestyle of D’Adelswärd-Fersen.  

            The scale of Frank Shackleton’s defrauding of Ronald Gower and Frank Hird becomes 

                        apparent.

            In the Eyes of God by Christian Houmark – an artistic young man chastely yearns for another 

                        man.  

            Mikhail Kuzmin meets and falls deeply in love with the poet Vsevolod Knyazev.

            Warren & Marshall are now spending almost all their time together working on their 

                        collections.

            Gleaming Waters by Henry Scott Tuke – largest work he painted. A full male nude.

            Hugh Walpole (26) becomes friendly with the stage-designer Percy Anderson (59).

            Diaghilev’s Schéhérazade featured Nijinsky in rather feminine costumes and making camp

                         gestures.

            João do Rio later enjoys amorous emotions on a trip to the French Riviera.

            After a blackmail press scandal, Hubertus Schouten writes an pseudonymous article pointing

                         out that homosexuals were too easily victims of the “pizssoir-scum.”

            Wilhelm Jansen is accused of pederasty, and resigns from German youth movement. 

            December.  After watching Richard Strauss’s Salome, E.M. Forster blurts out his love for 

                         Masood.  The latter calmly answers “I know.”

Frederick Rolfe/Baron Corvo 

1910-3​    Frederick Rolfe works on his autobiographical novel The Desire and Pursuit of the Whole. 

                             Nicholas Crabbe rescues a girl from the Messina earthquake, and employs her dressed 

                             as a boy as his assistant and gondolier.

1911 ​        Corydon by André Gide is published anonymously in an edition of 12 copies.  He justified his 

                            homosexual behaviour philosophically, historically, but unconvincingly.  

            In Intermediate Types Among Primitive Folk by Edward Carpenter he argues that the 

                    ‘Uranian’ like the shaman possess unusual powers of observation.  

            T.E. Lawrence meets Selim Ahmed (14) to whom later The Seven Pillars of Wisdom is 

                    probably dedicated. Lawrence sculpted his nude likeness for a figure to adorn his roof.

            The Chronicles of Clovis by Saki.  Includes ‘Tobermory.’

            A Garland of Ladslove by John Nicholson.  

            Bathing by Duncan Grant – 7 naked men are depicted diving, swimming & climbing into a                                     boat.

            The Bracknels by Forrest Reid – Denis Bracknel is a homosocial, sensitive young man.

            The White Peacock by D.H. Lawrence – homoerotic scenes occur between Cyril and George. 

                        E.M. Forster believed Lawrence failed to realise this aspect himself.

            People of the Moonlight by Vasili Rozanov: the ‘wondrousness’ of Christianity was simply 

                        the ‘wonder’ of ‘inversion.’ The volume contains many misconceptions.  

            Homosexual Life in Primitive Cultures by Ferdinand Karsch-Haack. 

            Without being mentioned by name, Finnish lawyer Adolf Wetterhoff’s homosexuality is 

                        denounced in the local newspaper.  He moves to Helsinki.  

            February.  The Dutch parliament discusses a new moral law, which increases the age of       

                        consent for homosexual acts from 16 to 21.  

            Hubertus Schouten issues a pamphlet listing the homosexual kings, scientists, artists & 

                        generals throughout history.  

            June.  E.M. Forster confided to his diary his “weariness of the only subject that I both can 

                        and may treat – the love of men for women & vice versa.”  

            Mabel Batten’s husband dies, and she moves in with Radclyffe Hall.

            Cavafy begins writing more strongly homoerotic verse.  

            Two female graduates from a Tokyo school committed suicide by tying themselves together 

                        with a pink sash, weighing themselves down and throwing themselves into the sea.  

            21 August.  The Frederick Rolfe & Charles Masson Fox 4-year correspondence comes to an 

                        end. 

            Rupert Brooke publishes Poems, several of which are susceptible to homosexual readings.                          Brooke has a brief fling with Arthur Hobhouse, former boyfriend of both Lytton Strachey 

                        and Maynard Keynes.

            Ronald Gower, after being defrauded by Shackleton is forced to sell Hammerfield.  

            Warren purchases a magnificent Roman silver cup clearly depicting two sets of men engaged

                         in anal intercourse.  This becomes known as the Warren Cup.  

            Pédérastie passive: Mémoires d’un enculé (Passive Pederasty: The Memoirs of a Buggered 

                        Man) is published anonymously in France.

            Ralph Adams Cram supplied a crucified Christ for a Boston Church, but its expressive loin-

                        cloth “aroused enough ire to be threatened with replacement.”

            Diaghilev’s Narcisse featured Nijinsky as the hunter who fell in love with himself.  

            The Encyclopaedia Britannica has no entries on homosexuality.  

            Hubertus Schouten has an intimate relationship with a rent-boy (16), but his mother & sister

                         try to create a scandal, because a source of income is being removed.  Schouten, 

                         under another pseudonym, publishes the pamphlet The Inclination to the Own Sex.  

1912​        What Percy Knew by H*nr* J*m*s by Louis Umfreville Wilkinson (Louis Madlow) is 

                                   written. Includes ‘The Bitter End’.

            The German Wandervogel Movement as an Erotic Phenomenon by Hans Blüher – caused a

                          sensastion when he argued that homoerotic friendships were essential for cohesion 

                          of German youth movements.  

            Erté, fashion designer (20), lived in Paris with Prince Nicolas Ouroussoff for 20 years.

            Eugène Jansson produces Les Anneaux – a nude male tumbler and Acrobats - 2 naked male

                          athletes.

            Nongoloza Mathebula, South African gang leader, gives testimony that he decreed that his

                         gang-members were forbidden to have close physical contacts with women.  Men of 

                         his regiment took boy-wives from amongst their ranks.  

            May.  Jacob Schorer founds the Dutch branch of Hirschfeld’s Scientific-Humanitarian 

                        Committee with Joannes Henri François as his co-worker.  

            Alfred Redl is posted to Prague, where he spends lavishly on his young lover Stefan

                        Hromodka.  He secretly hid the women’s clothes he dresses in private & naked

                        photos of himself and his young lovers in a luxurious department.  

            10 July.  Rupert Brooke writes a letter describing in detail his seduction of Denham Russell-

                        Smith.

            E.M. Forster on board ship to India beyond Port Said meets Kenneth Searight, a young army 

                        officer, who shows him his long list of colonial conquests of native boys.

            September,  E.M. Forster meets Edward Carpenter and his younger working-class lover 

                        George Merrill.  The latter touches Forster just above the buttocks, which provided 

                        the inspiration for Maurice.  

            20 December. Under parliamentary privilege Laurence Ginnell made a speech publicly 

                        naming Richard Gorges as a suspect in the theft of the Irish Crown Jewels (1907),

                        accusing him of being “a reckless bully, a robber, a murderer, a bugger and a sod.”  

            Hubert Lyautey, Marshal of France, arrives in Morocco & finds it a homosexual haven.

            26 December. Rev Alfred Mortimer of Philadelphia is arrested for having sexual relations 

                        with male parishioners. 

            Madame Strindberg opens a club, the Cave of the Golden Calf, in the basement of a property

                         in Heddon St, off Regent 

            Alan Horton, actor, was imprisoned for 2 weeks for walking into a urinal “with a wiggle.”

            Harry J. Birnstingl suggested a link between ‘uranians’ and suffragists in Freewoman

                            magazine.

           Two young women shared an interest in Christian social work among the poor, and they begin

                            to live together as man and wife.  The more masculine of the 2 earned a living as a

                            plumber’s mate, and was renowned for his skill at ‘fisticuffs’ in mission halls.  

                            They were subsequently allowed to live together.

            Rupert Brooke has a nervous breakdown probably because of concerns over his sexual 

                            identity.  He undergoes 6 weeks of psychiatric evaluation.

            10 July.  Rupert Brooke writes to James Strachey, brother of Lytton, in a therapeutic attempt

                             to come to terms with his sexual identity.  

            Wittgenstein (23) meets undergraduate David Pinsent (20) at Cambridge.  They become

                             collaborators and possible lovers.  They holiday in Norway & Iceland.                                          George Santayana falls in love with the heterosexual Frank, Earl Russell, elder brother of 

                            Bertrand.  

            Nijinsky in a tight bodysuit simulated masturbation on the scarf of a paramour in L’Après-

                            midi d’un faune.

1912-3​        A woman attempts to blackmail Charles Masson Fox for seducing her 16-year-old son.  He

                                     goes to the police, she is sent to prison, 

1912-3​        E.M. Forster visits Vishwanath Singh, the homosexual Maharaja of Chhatarpur.  

1912-4​        T.E. Lawrence has a close friendship with Dahoum [Salim Ahmed], an Arab boy.  

1913​        E.M. Forster writes the main text of his homosexual novel Maurice (published in 1971).

            Thomas Mann’s Death in Venice.  

            Swann’s Way by Marcel Proust.  

            Edward Carpenter helps to co-found the British Society for the Study of Sex Psychology.  

            The 6 Nameless Love books by John Mackay are published in 1 volume.

            Her Enemy, Some Friends & Other Personages, a short story collection by Edward Prime-

                        Stevenson. Includes: ‘Out in the Sun’ which describes a library of homosexual; or 

                        homoerotic texts.  These include: Tibellus, Háfiz, Shakespeare, Whitman, Tennyson, 

                        Rachilde, Sturgis etc.

        25 May.  Alfred Redl, homosexual spy, is discovered to have spied for Russia, and is given a

                        loaded revolver. 

        Albert Moll helped to found the International Society for Sex Research as a rival to Hirschfeld.

        ‘Harry Crawford’ married Annie Birkett in Sydney, but in reality was Eugenia Falleni.

        Magnes Hirschfeld claimed that if you threw an object at the lap of a sitting homosexual, then

                         he will automatically open his legs to catch it!  

        Nameless Love, including ‘Fenny Skaller’, a coming-out story by John Henry Mackay is sold 

                        underground.

        Adolf Wetterhoff feels compelled to leave Finland after having his sexuality revealed.  He

                        moves to Berlin.

        Mikhail Kuzmin (41) meets Yury Yurkun (18), an aspiring writer.  They become lifelong 

                        companions.  

        ​Ein Jünger Platos: Aus dem Leben eines Entgleisten by Konradin. An un-consumated same-sex

                                 relationship lead to suicidal thoughts and abstinence.  

        D.H. Lawrence writes the homoerotic novella The Prussian Officer.  

        Walt Whitman’s Anomaly by Dr W.C. Rivers is restricted to doctors & lawyers.  Dr W.C. Rivers 

                        claims that he had testimony from working-men of Whitman’s interest in them when

                        they were young men.  

        Abraham Brill, a Columbia University psychiatrist, pointed out some doctors “invariably resort 

                        to bladder washing & rectal massage when they are consulted by homosexuals.”  

        Francis Shackleton’s fraud means that Lord Ronald Gower, Frank Hird & others lose large 

                        sums.  Gower & Hird have to leave their large Victorian house at Penshurst, Kent for 

                        the much smaller Mayo House, Rusthall, Kent.

        Hans Henny Jahn & Gottlieb Harms, both (20), enter into a ‘mystical wedding’ at school.  

        Edward McAllister, attorney, is alleged to have had sex with many men in the Portland YMCA.

                         A 5-year prison term was set aside, but his career was ruined. 

        Warren begins smuggling homoerotic antiquities into America disguised as miscellaneous 

                        objects.  

        Eva Gore-Both, now a published poet & Esther Roper move to London for the former’s health. 

        ‘Maundy Thursday’ by Wilfred Owen – fitfully describes male-male desire.  

        Proust falls in love with Alfred Agostinelli, who had wanted to be his chauffeur, but became his 

                        secretary.  Agostinelli flees to the south of France and dies in a plane crash.

        Nijinsky’s sudden marriage ends the affair with Diaghilev, and he is sacked.

        Henry James ends the correspondence with Hendrik Andersen after the latter displays fascistic 

                        tendencies.

        Clanvowe & Neville’s joint tomb [1391] is discovered in Istanbul’s Arap Mosque.

        Vita Sackville-West & Harold Nicholson marry.  They would both have same-sex affairs.  

1914​    June.  The first main writing phase of Maurice by E.M. Forster is completed. 

​        Die Homosexualität des Mannes und des Weibes (Homosexuality in Men and Women) by 

                            Magnus Hirschfield.  Based on more than 10,000 cases.  Key passages were written in 

                Latin. The Finnish section was provided by Adolf Wetterhoff.  

       Intermediate Types among Primitive Folk by Edward Carpenter.  An explanation of same-sex

                   traditions in the classical world, among indigenous peoples, & in the Japanese samurai

                   caste.  

        Desert Dreamers by Patrick Weston (Gerald Hamilton). Subtitled ‘A Romance of Friendship.’ 

                    A blackmailer of a same-sex relationship is defeated.

        Libertine Songs by Jacob De Haan – some homoerotic content. 

        Adam in Paradise by Kristian Zahrtmann is painted – a seated Adam is naked among a meadow 

                    of wildflowers with no sign of Eve.  

        Oscar Wilde and Myself by Lord Alfred Douglas.  

        A History of Penal Methods by George Ives – a section deals with society’s treatment of the 

                    homosexual.

        Eugène Jansson paints Lifting Weights with One Arm – 3 male nude gymnasts.

        Edward Carpenter & Laurence Housman found The British Society for the Study of Sex

                     Psychology.  Carpenter becomes life president.

        Somerset Maugham, Ellingham Brooks and E.F. Benson rent a villa in Capri over the summer

                 when they hear the news of the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand.  Maugham meets

                 Gerald Haxton for the first time shortly after war is declared.  

        When WW1 begins Hans Henny Jahnn & his lover Gottlieb Harms flee to Norway.  

        Roger Casement begins a relationship with Adler Christiansen (24). 

        Jean Cocteau volunteers for the ambulance corps. He supervises the showers and takes photo-

                    graphs of naked Zouaves and Senegalese soldiers.

        Goethe’s homoerotic Roman Elegies are finally published in full. 

        The US Journal of Abnormal Psychology prints a report by Margaret Otis describing cross-

                    racial love affairs between girls in a reform school.

        Lúcio’s Confession by Mário de Sá-Carneiro – complicated gender and sexuality.

       Marsden Hartley’s painting Portrait of a German Officer is unveiled.  It was a memorial portrait

                    of his lover Karl von Freyburg, who died in battle. 

        ‘Gerald’ from Norfolk joins up and is seduced by a sergeant.  [1917]

        J.C. Leyendecker, illustrator, moves into a large house at New Rochelle with his lifelong

                     companion and model Charles Beach.  

        July. Duncan Grant sees George Mallory naked for the final time. 

        Christopher Millard is charged for a second time with gross indecency, but Scott-Moncrieff

                     testifies on his behalf. 

        Christopher Millard produces a 2-volume, 600-page bibliography of Oscar Wilde.  

        Diaghilev becomes the lover of dancer Léonide Massine (18).  

        Richard Schultz (b.1887) hotelier moves to Berlin, and had already enjoyed a happy relation-

                    ship with a fellow waiter.

    William Haines, future actor & interior designer (14) runs away from home with his “boyfriend.”

    Magnus Enckell, Finnish artist, paints Faun, depicting a reclining naked youth with his hand on 

                    his brow, and his private parts covered by a cloth.

    Marsden Hartley, US painter lives in Germany with Karl von Freyburg in a close friendship.  

    Karol Szymanowski, Polish composer, writes to Arthur Rubenstein of a visit to Taormina: “I saw

                 a few young men bathing who could be models for Antinous.  I couldn’t take my eyes off 

                 them.”

1914-5​Wilfred Owen teaches English in Bordeaux, and picks up young men, but feels too guilty to form

                         lasting relationships.

1914-6     Karol Szymanowski works on his Third Symphony – includes the setting of a 13th-century Arab

                         mystic poem with homoerotic overtones.  Its last lines are: “Silence binds my tongue/But I 

                        speak without a tongue tonight.”

1914-9​    Jamaican Claude McKay, while in New York, is supposed to have had numerous affairs with

                         both men & women.

1915​    T.S. Eliot’s friend Jean Verdenal dies in WW1 at 26.  

        ​Vainglory by Ronald Firbank.  

        ​Radclyffe Hall meets Una Troubridge, but she’s still living with Troubridge’s cousin, Mabel

                             Batten.

​        November. Gerald Haxton and John Lindsell are arrested in Covent Garden for gross indecency. 

                            They were acquitted.  

        ​Cosima Wagner arranges for her homosexual son, Siegfried to marry.  

        ​Fernando Pessoa publishes a long poem ‘Maritime Ode’ under the pseudonym ‘Álvaro de

                             Campos’ – the poet dreams of being a woman raped by pirates. He also wrote ‘Greetings

                             to Walt Whitman’ – “the great pederast.”

        Eugène Jansson, the homosexual artist dies.  His homosexual brother destroys all of his papers.

​        A ranch-hand wrote a poem when his male partner died: “The range is empty and the trail is

                             blind,/And I don’t seem but half myself today.  I wait to hear him ride up behind/And

                             feel his knee rub mine the good old way.”

1915-20      Jacob Schorer produced Jaarverslagen – annual reports of homosexual articles.

1916​      My Days & Dreams by Edward Carpenter (72).  He makes an open declaration of his​    

                    sexuality for the first time without being too explicit.  

        David Blaize by E.F. Benson. Includes hints of same-sex relationships.

        ​The Romance of a Choir-Boy by John Nicholson is printed privately.  

        The Prussian Officer by D.H. Lawrence.  The story has homoerotic content.  

        Inclinations by Ronald Firbank.  A dream of an Arcadian lesbian romance is dashed when an

                     antagonistic count marries Miss O’Brookomore’s companion.  

        Margaret Anderson, founder of the Little Review, meets Jean Heap & they become lovers for

                     several years.

        The Book of Love: Preface by Aldo Mieli – 16 pages of aphorisms & reflections.  

        ​Jean Cocteau meets Raymond Radiget (15), whom he mentors.

        ​The Swedish film: Vingarne [The Wings] directed by Mauritz Stiller is the first-known homo-

                                sexual film.  It is based on a novel by Herman Bang, about the sculptor and his pupil. 

                                The wings belong to a sculpture of Ganymede & Zeus.

        E.M. Forster meets Cavafy, the homosexual poet, and is impressed by his poems and his way of 

                        life.  He goes on a sexual quest.  In mid-October He loses his virginity to a soldier on

                        Montazah Beach, Alexandria.  

        Duncan Grant and his lover Bunny Garnett avoid conscription by becoming farm workers and

                         conscientious objectors.

        Mercedes de Acosta begins an affair with actress Alla Nazimova.

        Lord Kitchener & Oswald FitzGerald drown in the North Sea when their ship is sunk.

        Ivor Novello meets Bobbie Andrews.  They eventually become life-long lovers.

        Harry Stack Sullivan joins the National Guard but is discharged in unexplained circumstances.

                          Homosexual scandal?

        Eva Gore-Both, Esther Roper & 3 others found and edit Urania – a magazine designed to break

                         down the duality of gender.

        Following the death of Joe Leyendecker’s father, Joe & Charles Beach began living full-time

                         under the same roof.

        Norman Douglas was accused of assaulting a boy (16) at the National History Museum.  After a 

                        few court appearances & more charges, Douglas flees to Florence.

        Ivor Novello meets Bobbie Andrews, who later becomes his life partner.  

        ​Robert Graves had exclusively homosexual experiences before this date, heterosexual after.

        Siegfried Sassoon’s lover, subaltern David Thomas, dies at Gallipoli.  Sassoon becomes

                         reckless, and is known as “Mad Jack.”

        The first of Nobuko Yoshiya’s Flower Tales appears.  Many of these stories deal with intimate,

                         but doomed friendships between young women.

        Open Letter to Them who are Different from the others. By One of Them a pamphlet by Joannes

                         Henri François – written to comfort and cheer fellow homosexuals.  

        National Geographic caption a Wilhelm von Gloeden male nude as being the equal of one of

                         the “matchless marbles of Praxiteles or for a figure on a Phidian frieze.”

1916-23  Hart Crane moved between Cleveland & New York, and had his first affairs with men.

1917​    Die Rolle der Erotik in der männlichen Gesellschaft by Hans Blüher claimed that homosexuality 

                                    was natural, and was the basis for all human society.

        The Loom of Youth by Alec Waugh includes vague hints of “ugly things” & “friendships … too

                           romantic to last” between schoolboys at Sherbourne, but causes a furore.  It was a 

                            best-seller.

        Charles Demuth paints Eight O’Clock for a private client – 3 men in various states of undress.

        January.  E.M. Forster meets Mohammed el-Adl (16), a tram conductor, and several months 

                            later an intimacy develops.  They have a 5-year-affair, but el-Adl dies young from

                            tuberculosis.

        André Gide has an affair with Marc Allérgret (17), while his father was abroad.  

        ​May.  Wilfred Owen meets Siegfried Sassoon, and falls in unrequited love with him.  Sassoon

                                     explains Carpenter’s philosophy of Uranian love.  Later, C.K. Scott-Moncrieff 

                            gets Owen drunk and seduces him.  

        Summer.  Owen begins writing the poems that will make his reputation.  

        Norman Douglas was charged of sexual assault of 2 boys, aged 10 & 12.  He skipped bail &

                         fled to Capri.   He publishes the hedonistic South Wind, set on a fictionalised Capri.

                         Count Caloveglia may be homosexual, but is never explicitly stated to be so.

        11 January.  Police raid a male brothel run by Albert Le Cuziat, at which Proust is identified.

        Radclyffe Hall and Una Troubridge move in together following the death of Mabel Batten the

                         previous year.  

        Maud Allen sues MP Noel Pemberton Billing for libel for an article called ‘The Cult of the

                         Clitoris.’  The article accuses Robbie Ross’s circle of being among 47,000 homo-

                         sexuals betraying the nation to the Germans.  Allen loses the case.  

        Gothenburg has the beginnings of a homosexual community.  

        5 October.  Robbie Ross dies from heart attack, possibly brought on by Lord Alfred Douglas’

                         venomous attacks.

        T.E. Lawrence was captured by Arabs and after he rejects the advances of the governor, Jajim 

                        Bey, he claims he was raped by a group of soldiers.  

        ‘Gerald’ from Norfolk meets a soldier at Le Havre, and they live in Ilford together for 8 years.

        John Singer Sargent’s 25-year association with model-turned-valet, Nicola d’Inverno ends.

        In Sydney Annie Birkett disappears, but may have been murdered by Harry Crawford.

        Karol Szymanowski, Ukrainian composer of Polish descent, completes a homoerotic novel,

                       Efebos.  The manuscript was lost in the German bombing of Warsaw in 1939.

        Claude Cahun (23) & Suzanne Malherbe (21) begin living together and remain so.

        J.R. Ackerley begins work on the first draft of his homosexual war play, Prisoners of War,

                         though it was originally Called The Familiar Friends.  

        Dr Frank Lydston suggested that sexual deviants should be sterilised: “no sexual pervert should

                         be allowed to procreate.”

        Hart Crane (17) moves from Ohio to New York & has his first same-sex experiences.

        John W. Sterling dies, and 5 months later so does James O. Bloss of a broken heart.  

        Leif Rovsing, Danish tennis player, entertained a young tennis player at his home, and was

                         excluded from clubs and tournaments because he was openly homosexual.  

1918​    J.R. Ackerley (22) is asked if he is “homo or hetero”, but does not understand the question.

        David Blaize & the Blue Door by E.F. Benson. Includes hints of same-sex relationships.

        15 October.  Wilfred Owen writes to his cousin, Leslie Gunston, making a glancing admission

                     regarding his sexuality.

        Autobiography of an Androgyne by Earl Lind is only available by mail order to medical men &

                     lawyers.

        The New Chivalry & Other Poems by Rev. E.E. Bradford includes: “Our yearning tenderness

                     for boys like these / Has more in it of Christ than Socrates.”

        Despised & Rejected by Rose Allatini has an anti-hero, Dennis, who is a homosexual consc-

                        ientious objector.

        Different by Joannes Henri François – a didactic homosexual novel with a happy ending.

        First version of Baal by Bertolt Brecht – Baal, has a friendship with the composer and idealist

                         Ekart, whom he eventually kills in a fit of jealous rage.  

        35 Sonnets by Fernando Pessoa includes the long poem ‘Antinous.’

        Countee Cullen meets Harold Jackman at High School & they become close lifelong friends.

        Charles Demuth paints Turkish Bath Scene with Self-Portrait for a private client – Demuth is

                         semi-nude.

        Asdrűbal Antonio d’Aguiar writes Evolution of Pederasty & Lesbianism in Europe, but the

                         work is not published until 1926.  

        Cecil Beaton attends Harrow, where he wore make-up & dressed flamboyantly.

        Karl Giese (20) meets Magnus Hirschfeld, while still a student.  He will become his life partner.

        Hans Henny Jahn & Gottlieb Harms return to Germany from Norway when the war ends.  

        Songs of the Infatuated Muezzin composed by Karol Szymanowski.

        David Pinsent dies in a plane crash, depriving Wittgenstein of a collaborator & possible lover.  

 

1919​    Magnus Hirschfeld (51) established the Institute for Sexual Research in an elegant Berlin

                             mansion.

        A German film, Different from the Others, [Not Like Other People] directed by Richard Oswald

                     is released about homosexuality in which Magnus Hirschfeld appears as a therapist.  

                    Conrad Veidt in prison watches a long line of homosexual kings, poets and philosophers 

                    passing under a banner of marked “Paragraph 175”.  Hirschfeld meets & falls in love

                    with Karl Giese (21), who becomes his archivist & lover.

        Victory by Joseph Conrad.  It contains homosocial relationships.

        ​Valmouth by Ronald Firbank.

        ​Il passagio [The Crossing] by Sibilla Aleramo, inspired by her lesbian romance with Cordula

                             (lina) Poletti.

        ‘Harry Crawford’ married Lizzie Allison in Sydney.  

        ​Nijinsky in Diaghilev’s ballet company takes Paris by storm.  They were lovers.  

        ​The Newport YMCA Scandal.  Rev. Samuel Kent (46) is entrapped.  Despite 5 decoys insisting 

                            he had sex with them, he was acquitted twice.  

        Jean Cocteau (30) and Raymond Radiguet (15) become lovers.  

        Gerald Haxton was deported from Britain as an undesirable alien.

        Rudolph Valentino marries lesbian actress Jean Acker, but she locks him out of their bedroom

                 on their wedding night.

        Frederico García Lorca meets Salvador Dali, with whom he falls in love.  

        Hugh Walpole hears the Danish tenor Melchior sing, and becomes infatuated & funds his

                 career.

        Glenway Westcott (19) poet, flees the mid-West US with his lover Monroe Wheeler (21).  They

                 settle first in Greenwich Village.  

        Philip Ritchie a, a brilliant intellectual student at Oxford is loved by Maurice Bowra & Roger

                 Senhouse. 

        Corydon by André Gide finally published.  It was written in 1911.

        Karol Szymanowski (37) meets Boris Kochno (15), who had literary ambitions.  Kochno may

                 have been the love of his life, although meeting was difficult.  

        Vues et visions by Claude Cahun with illustrations by Suzanne Malherbe – a collection of 

                essays which tangentially deal with same-sex attraction in antiquity & modern times.

1919-20  Hart Crane has his first love affair while working at his father’s sweet store in Ohio.

Bibliography

Ackroyd, Peter, Queer City: Gay London From the Romans to the Present Day, London: Chatto & Windus, 2017.

Aldrich, Robert, Gay Life Stories, London: Thames & Hudson, 2023.

Aldrich, Robert & Garry Wotherspoon (eds.), Who’s Who in Gay & Lesbian History: From Antiquity to World War II: London,

                    Routledge, 2001.

Bray, Alan, The Friend, University of Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2003.

Griffin, Gabriele, (ed.), Who’s Who in Lesbian & Gay Writing, Routledge: London, 2002. 

Norton, Rictor, My Dear Boy: Gay Love Letters through the Centuries, San Francisco: Leyland Publications: 1998.

Rowse, A.L., Homosexuals in History, London: Wiedenfeld & Nicholson, 1977.

Spencer, Colin, Homosexuality, a History, London: Fourth Estate, 1995.

Woods, Gregory, Homosexuality in Literature, London: Yale University Press, 1998.